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インシデント 54: Predictive Policing Biases of PredPol

概要: Predictive policing algorithms meant to aid law enforcement by predicting future crime show signs of biased output.

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新しいレポート新しいレポート新しいレスポンス新しいレスポンス発見する発見する履歴を表示履歴を表示

組織

すべての組織を表示
Alleged: PredPol developed an AI system deployed by PredPol と Oakland Police Department, which harmed Oakland Residents.

インシデントのステータス

インシデントID
54
レポート数
17
インシデント発生日
2015-11-18
エディタ
Sean McGregor
Applied Taxonomies
CSETv0, CSETv1, GMF, MIT

CSETv1 分類法のクラス

分類法の詳細

Incident Number

The number of the incident in the AI Incident Database.
 

54

CSETv0 分類法のクラス

分類法の詳細

Problem Nature

Indicates which, if any, of the following types of AI failure describe the incident: "Specification," i.e. the system's behavior did not align with the true intentions of its designer, operator, etc; "Robustness," i.e. the system operated unsafely because of features or changes in its environment, or in the inputs the system received; "Assurance," i.e. the system could not be adequately monitored or controlled during operation.
 

Robustness

Physical System

Where relevant, indicates whether the AI system(s) was embedded into or tightly associated with specific types of hardware.
 

Software only

Level of Autonomy

The degree to which the AI system(s) functions independently from human intervention. "High" means there is no human involved in the system action execution; "Medium" means the system generates a decision and a human oversees the resulting action; "low" means the system generates decision-support output and a human makes a decision and executes an action.
 

Unclear/unknown

Nature of End User

"Expert" if users with special training or technical expertise were the ones meant to benefit from the AI system(s)’ operation; "Amateur" if the AI systems were primarily meant to benefit the general public or untrained users.
 

Expert

Public Sector Deployment

"Yes" if the AI system(s) involved in the accident were being used by the public sector or for the administration of public goods (for example, public transportation). "No" if the system(s) were being used in the private sector or for commercial purposes (for example, a ride-sharing company), on the other.
 

Yes

Data Inputs

A brief description of the data that the AI system(s) used or were trained on.
 

Crime statistics

MIT 分類法のクラス

Machine-Classified
分類法の詳細

Risk Subdomain

A further 23 subdomains create an accessible and understandable classification of hazards and harms associated with AI
 

1.1. Unfair discrimination and misrepresentation

Risk Domain

The Domain Taxonomy of AI Risks classifies risks into seven AI risk domains: (1) Discrimination & toxicity, (2) Privacy & security, (3) Misinformation, (4) Malicious actors & misuse, (5) Human-computer interaction, (6) Socioeconomic & environmental harms, and (7) AI system safety, failures & limitations.
 
  1. Discrimination and Toxicity

Entity

Which, if any, entity is presented as the main cause of the risk
 

AI

Timing

The stage in the AI lifecycle at which the risk is presented as occurring
 

Post-deployment

Intent

Whether the risk is presented as occurring as an expected or unexpected outcome from pursuing a goal
 

Unintentional

インシデントレポート

レポートタイムライン

+1
Be Cautious About Data-Driven Policing
+2
Policing the Future
Machine Bias+3
“Predictive policing” is happening now - and police could learn a lesson from Minority Report.
+2
Predictive policing violates more than it protects: Column
The Truth About Predictive Policing and RaceIBM Used NYPD Surveillance Footage to Develop Technology that Lets Police Search by Skin Color+1
How We Determined Predictive Policing Software Disproportionately Targeted Low-Income, Black, and Latino Neighborhoods
Police Use of Artificial Intelligence: 2021 in Review
Be Cautious About Data-Driven Policing

Be Cautious About Data-Driven Policing

nytimes.com

Policing the Future

Policing the Future

themarshallproject.org

Police data could be labelling 'suspects' for crimes they have not committed

Police data could be labelling 'suspects' for crimes they have not committed

theguardian.com

Predictive Policing: the future of crime-fighting, or the future of racial profiling?

Predictive Policing: the future of crime-fighting, or the future of racial profiling?

splinternews.com

Machine Bias

Machine Bias

propublica.org

“Predictive policing” is happening now - and police could learn a lesson from Minority Report.

“Predictive policing” is happening now - and police could learn a lesson from Minority Report.

medium.com

To predict and serve?

To predict and serve?

rss.onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Crime-prediction tool may be reinforcing discriminatory policing

Crime-prediction tool may be reinforcing discriminatory policing

businessinsider.com

Police are using software to predict crime. Is it a ‘holy grail’ or biased against minorities?

Police are using software to predict crime. Is it a ‘holy grail’ or biased against minorities?

washingtonpost.com

Predictive policing violates more than it protects: Column

Predictive policing violates more than it protects: Column

usatoday.com

Why Oakland Police Turned Down Predictive Policing

Why Oakland Police Turned Down Predictive Policing

motherboard.vice.com

Predictive Policing Is Not as Predictive As You Think

Predictive Policing Is Not as Predictive As You Think

cfr.org

The Truth About Predictive Policing and Race

The Truth About Predictive Policing and Race

theappeal.org

IBM Used NYPD Surveillance Footage to Develop Technology that Lets Police Search by Skin Color

IBM Used NYPD Surveillance Footage to Develop Technology that Lets Police Search by Skin Color

theintercept.com

How We Determined Predictive Policing Software Disproportionately Targeted Low-Income, Black, and Latino Neighborhoods

How We Determined Predictive Policing Software Disproportionately Targeted Low-Income, Black, and Latino Neighborhoods

gizmodo.com

Crime Prediction Software Promised to Be Free of Biases. New Data Shows It Perpetuates Them

Crime Prediction Software Promised to Be Free of Biases. New Data Shows It Perpetuates Them

gizmodo.com

Police Use of Artificial Intelligence: 2021 in Review

Police Use of Artificial Intelligence: 2021 in Review

eff.org

Be Cautious About Data-Driven Policing
nytimes.com · 2015

Faiza Patel is the co-director of the Liberty and National Security Program at the Brennan Center for Justice at New York University Law School. She is on Twitter.

In every age, police forces gain access to new tools that may advance their …

Policing the Future
themarshallproject.org · 2016

Just over a year after Michael Brown’s death became a focal point for a national debate about policing and race, Ferguson and nearby St. Louis suburbs have returned to what looks, from the outside, like a kind of normalcy. Near the Canfield…

Police data could be labelling 'suspects' for crimes they have not committed
theguardian.com · 2016

A police officer stands at the corner of a busy intersection, scanning the crowd with her body camera. The feed is live-streamed into the Real Time Crime Center at department headquarters, where specialized software uses biometric recogniti…

Predictive Policing: the future of crime-fighting, or the future of racial profiling?
splinternews.com · 2016

This is Episode 12 of Real Future, Fusion’s documentary series about technology and society. More episodes available at realfuture.tv.

There's a new kind of software that claims to help law enforcement agencies reduce crime, by using algori…

Machine Bias
propublica.org · 2016

ON A SPRING AFTERNOON IN 2014, Brisha Borden was running late to pick up her god-sister from school when she spotted an unlocked kid’s blue Huffy bicycle and a silver Razor scooter. Borden and a friend grabbed the bike and scooter and tried…

“Predictive policing” is happening now - and police could learn a lesson from Minority Report.
medium.com · 2016

“Predictive policing” is happening now — and police could learn a lesson from Minority Report.

David Robinson Blocked Unblock Follow Following Aug 31, 2016

In the movie Minority Report, mutants in a vat look into the future, and tell Tom Cr…

To predict and serve?
rss.onlinelibrary.wiley.com · 2016

In late 2013, Robert McDaniel – a 22-year-old black man who lives on the South Side of Chicago – received an unannounced visit by a Chicago Police Department commander to warn him not to commit any further crimes. The visit took McDaniel by…

Crime-prediction tool may be reinforcing discriminatory policing
businessinsider.com · 2016

Natalie Behring/Getty

Algorithms have taken hold over our lives whether we appreciate it or not.

When Facebook delivers us clickbait and conspiracy theories, it's an algorithm deciding what you're interested in.

When Uber ratchets up rush-h…

Police are using software to predict crime. Is it a ‘holy grail’ or biased against minorities?
washingtonpost.com · 2016

During an October shift, Los Angeles police Sgt. Charles Coleman of the Foothill Division speaks with Clarance Dolberry, wearing baseball cap, and Veronica De Leon, donning a Mardi Gras mask, at a bus stop. Software that predicts possible f…

Predictive policing violates more than it protects: Column
usatoday.com · 2016

From Los Angeles to New York, there is a quiet revolution underway within police departments across the country.

Just as major tech companies and political campaigns have leveraged data to target potential customers or voters, police depart…

Why Oakland Police Turned Down Predictive Policing
motherboard.vice.com · 2016

Image: Gina Ferazzi/Getty

Tim Birch was six months into his new job as head of research and planning for the Oakland Police Department when he walked into his office and found a piece of easel pad paper tacked onto his wall. Scribbled acros…

Predictive Policing Is Not as Predictive As You Think
cfr.org · 2017

The problem of policing has always been that it's after-the-fact. If law enforcement officers could be at the right place at the right time, crime could be prevented, lives could be saved, and society would surely be safer. In recent years,…

The Truth About Predictive Policing and Race
theappeal.org · 2018

The Truth About Predictive Policing and Race

Sunday, the New York Times published a well-meaning op-ed about the fears of racial bias in artificial intelligence and predictive policing systems. The author, Bärí A. Williams, should be commen…

IBM Used NYPD Surveillance Footage to Develop Technology that Lets Police Search by Skin Color
theintercept.com · 2018

IN THE DECADE after the 9/11 attacks, the New York City Police Department moved to put millions of New Yorkers under constant watch. Warning of terrorism threats, the department created a plan to carpet Manhattan’s downtown streets with tho…

How We Determined Predictive Policing Software Disproportionately Targeted Low-Income, Black, and Latino Neighborhoods
gizmodo.com · 2021

Introduction

The expansion of digital record-keeping by police departments across the U.S. in the 1990s ushered in the era of data-driven policing. Huge metropolises like New York City crunched reams of crime and arrest data to find and tar…

Crime Prediction Software Promised to Be Free of Biases. New Data Shows It Perpetuates Them
gizmodo.com · 2021

Between 2018 and 2021, more than one in 33 U.S. residents were potentially subject to police patrol decisions directed by crime-prediction software called PredPol.

The company that makes it sent more than 5.9 million of these crime predicti…

Police Use of Artificial Intelligence: 2021 in Review
eff.org · 2022

Decades ago, when imagining the practical uses of artificial intelligence, science fiction writers imagined autonomous digital minds that could serve humanity. Sure, sometimes a HAL 9000 or WOPR would subvert expectations and go rogue, but …

バリアント

「バリアント」は既存のAIインシデントと同じ原因要素を共有し、同様な被害を引き起こし、同じ知的システムを含んだインシデントです。バリアントは完全に独立したインシデントとしてインデックスするのではなく、データベースに最初に投稿された同様なインシデントの元にインシデントのバリエーションとして一覧します。インシデントデータベースの他の投稿タイプとは違い、バリアントではインシデントデータベース以外の根拠のレポートは要求されません。詳細についてはこの研究論文を参照してください

よく似たインシデント

テキスト類似度による

Did our AI mess up? Flag the unrelated incidents

Northpointe Risk Models

Machine Bias - ProPublica

May 2016 · 15 レポート
COMPAS Algorithm Performs Poorly in Crime Recidivism Prediction

A Popular Algorithm Is No Better at Predicting Crimes Than Random People

May 2016 · 22 レポート
Sexist and Racist Google Adsense Advertisements

Discrimination in Online Ad Delivery

Jan 2013 · 27 レポート
前のインシデント次のインシデント

よく似たインシデント

テキスト類似度による

Did our AI mess up? Flag the unrelated incidents

Northpointe Risk Models

Machine Bias - ProPublica

May 2016 · 15 レポート
COMPAS Algorithm Performs Poorly in Crime Recidivism Prediction

A Popular Algorithm Is No Better at Predicting Crimes Than Random People

May 2016 · 22 レポート
Sexist and Racist Google Adsense Advertisements

Discrimination in Online Ad Delivery

Jan 2013 · 27 レポート

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