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Incident 573: Deepfake Recordings Allegedly Influence Slovakian Election

Description: Days before Slovakia's election, deepfake audio recordings surfaced, allegedly featuring conversations between a journalist and a leading liberal politician discussing vote-rigging and other controversial topics. The recordings were spread on social media platforms and may have influenced the election outcome, which saw the pro-Russian populist party winning.
Editor Notes: Reconstructing the timeline of events in this complex incident ID: One week before the election, which was September 30, 2023, the extremist media outlet Kulturblog released an audio deepfake falsely portraying then-President Zuzana Čaputová endorsing Milan Mazurek, a candidate from the extremist far-right Republic Movement (Hnutie Republika) party. The manipulated recording reportedly did not clearly indicate that it was AI-generated, except in a text description on Telegram. Kulturblog is known to have financial and personnel ties to the Republic Movement. Five days before the election, the Republic Movement released two propaganda videos attacking the LGBTQ+ community, using AI to clone the voices of Čaputová and Michal Šimečka, the leader of Progressive Slovakia (Progresívne Slovensko), suggesting they made statements they never actually did. Meta is reported to have reviewed the videos but allowed them to remain, as they included a disclaimer stating the voices were not real and were perceived as satire. On September 26, 2023, another video circulated featuring an AI-generated voice impersonating Šimečka, falsely claiming that Progressive Slovakia intended to increase beer prices by 70 to 100 percent. This misinformation was widely shared and likely influenced public opinion. On September 28, during the election moratorium, a deepfake video spread purporting to be a phone call between Šimečka and journalist Monika Tódová, discussing the manipulation of ballots and a bribe. The moratorium limited the ability of parties and media to respond, maximizing the impact of this disinformation.

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Alleged: unknown developed and deployed an AI system, which harmed Slovakian electorate , Monika Todova , Michal Šimečka and Democratic process in Slovakia.

Incident Stats

Incident ID
573
Report Count
9
Incident Date
2023-10-07
Editors
Applied Taxonomies
MIT

MIT Taxonomy Classifications

Machine-Classified
Taxonomy Details

Risk Subdomain

A further 23 subdomains create an accessible and understandable classification of hazards and harms associated with AI
 

4.1. Disinformation, surveillance, and influence at scale

Risk Domain

The Domain Taxonomy of AI Risks classifies risks into seven AI risk domains: (1) Discrimination & toxicity, (2) Privacy & security, (3) Misinformation, (4) Malicious actors & misuse, (5) Human-computer interaction, (6) Socioeconomic & environmental harms, and (7) AI system safety, failures & limitations.
 
  1. Malicious Actors & Misuse

Entity

Which, if any, entity is presented as the main cause of the risk
 

Human

Timing

The stage in the AI lifecycle at which the risk is presented as occurring
 

Post-deployment

Intent

Whether the risk is presented as occurring as an expected or unexpected outcome from pursuing a goal
 

Intentional

Incident Reports

Reports Timeline

+2
Progressive Slovakia becomes target of AI misinformation, tops polls
+1
Slovakia’s Election Deepfakes Show AI Is a Danger to Democracy
+1
Was Slovakia election the first swung by deepfakes?
Slovakia: Deepfake audio of Denník N journalist offers worrying example of AI abuseDeepfake Menace Hit Slovak Elections - TransitionsA fake recording of a candidate saying he’d rigged the election went viral. Experts say it’s only the beginning
Progressive Slovakia becomes target of AI misinformation, tops polls

Progressive Slovakia becomes target of AI misinformation, tops polls

euractiv.com

Slovakia swamped by disinformation ahead of parliamentary elections

Slovakia swamped by disinformation ahead of parliamentary elections

france24.com

Trolls in Slovakian election tap AI deepfakes to spread disinformation

Trolls in Slovakian election tap AI deepfakes to spread disinformation

straitstimes.com

Slovakia’s Election Deepfakes Show AI Is a Danger to Democracy

Slovakia’s Election Deepfakes Show AI Is a Danger to Democracy

wired.com

Deepfakes in Slovakia Preview How AI Will Change the Face of Elections

Deepfakes in Slovakia Preview How AI Will Change the Face of Elections

bloomberg.com

Was Slovakia election the first swung by deepfakes?

Was Slovakia election the first swung by deepfakes?

thetimes.co.uk

Slovakia: Deepfake audio of Denník N journalist offers worrying example of AI abuse

Slovakia: Deepfake audio of Denník N journalist offers worrying example of AI abuse

ipi.media

Deepfake Menace Hit Slovak Elections - Transitions

Deepfake Menace Hit Slovak Elections - Transitions

tol.org

A fake recording of a candidate saying he’d rigged the election went viral. Experts say it’s only the beginning

A fake recording of a candidate saying he’d rigged the election went viral. Experts say it’s only the beginning

cnn.com

Progressive Slovakia becomes target of AI misinformation, tops polls
euractiv.com · 2023

Two far-right Republika’s social media posts in which AI is used to mimic the voice of Progressives leader Michal Šimečka and spread falsehoods, like plans to raise the cost of beer, were eventually removed from YouTube but remained availab…

Slovakia swamped by disinformation ahead of parliamentary elections
france24.com · 2023

As Slovakia heads toward parliamentary elections on Saturday, the country has been flooded with disinformation, ranging from pro-Russian propaganda, lies about the situation in Ukraine and the spread of anti-migrant hate speech.

Leader of S…

Trolls in Slovakian election tap AI deepfakes to spread disinformation
straitstimes.com · 2023

BRATISLAVA – Videos featuring artificial intelligence-generated deepfake voices of politicians are spreading on social media ahead of the Slovak parliamentary elections this weekend, showcasing how the emergent technology is being harnessed…

Slovakia’s Election Deepfakes Show AI Is a Danger to Democracy
wired.com · 2023

Just two days before Slovakia’s elections, an audio recording was posted to Facebook. On it were two voices: allegedly, Michal Šimečka, who leads the liberal Progressive Slovakia party, and Monika Tódová from the daily newspaper Denník N. T…

Deepfakes in Slovakia Preview How AI Will Change the Face of Elections
bloomberg.com · 2023

Given the proliferation of AI deepfakes in the recent Slovakian election, it's getting harder to tell who's talking. But first...

The Cyber Angle

Something didn't add up in an alleged conversation between Progressive Slovakia's leader, Mich…

Was Slovakia election the first swung by deepfakes?
thetimes.co.uk · 2023

A couple of days before Slovakia's election last Saturday, a prominent journalist was sent a recording circulating on social media that alarmed her. In it, Monika Todova heard herself discussing with Michal Simecka, a leading liberal politi…

Slovakia: Deepfake audio of Denník N journalist offers worrying example of AI abuse
ipi.media · 2023

The 2023 Slovak parliamentary election campaign made history, and not for the right reasons. For the first time, deepfakes played a role in the pre-election battle. Two days prior to the election, a video with an audio clip that allegedl…

Deepfake Menace Hit Slovak Elections - Transitions
tol.org · 2023

Incident is believed to be one of the first examples in the EU of using AI to manipulate the likeness of a journalist – and could portend the use of such tools to discredit the media. From the International Press Institute.

The 2023 Slovak …

A fake recording of a candidate saying he’d rigged the election went viral. Experts say it’s only the beginning
cnn.com · 2024

Days before a pivotal election in Slovakia to determine who would lead the country, a damning audio recording spread online in which one of the top candidates seemingly boasted about how he’d rigged the election.

And if that wasn’t bad enou…

Variants

A "variant" is an incident that shares the same causative factors, produces similar harms, and involves the same intelligent systems as a known AI incident. Rather than index variants as entirely separate incidents, we list variations of incidents under the first similar incident submitted to the database. Unlike other submission types to the incident database, variants are not required to have reporting in evidence external to the Incident Database. Learn more from the research paper.
unreviewed
Incident Date:
2023-09-27
unreviewed
Incident Date:
2023-10-03

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